FIVE-YEAR REVIEW OF ELECTIVE CAESAREAN SECTIONS AT THE CENTRAL HOSPITAL, AGBOR, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA
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Abstract
Background: Caesarean section (CS) is the most commonly performed surgery in obstetrics. It can be done as an emergency (EMCS) or elective (ELCS) procedure. The global rate of CS has been increasing, with ELCS contributing significantly to this rise.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the rate and indications of ELCS and explore potential ways to prevent unnecessary ELCS procedures.
Subjects and methods: This was a retrospective study reviewing one thousand three hundred and seventy-nine (1,379) cases of ELCS managed at the Central Hospital Agbor (CHA) in Delta State from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023. The collected data were analyzed using version 25.0 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software for Windows.
Result: The CS rate within the period of review was 43.8%, while the ELCS rate was 23.2%. The ELCS rate was consistently higher than the EMCS rate over the five years. The most common indications for ELCS were Repeat CS 344 (24.9%), two previous CS 292 (21.2%), Breech 139 (10.1%), and Macrosomia 85(6.2%). The age brackets of 20-29 and 30-39 comprise 36.2% and 57.9% of the study population, respectively, while multiparous women account for 76.9% of the population. The majority of participants were booked patients, representing 91.3% of the study group.
Conclusion: The CS rate, especially for ELCS, is notably high. It is important to meticulously select candidates for CS, particularly for primary CS, to prevent unnecessary procedures and the potential for repeat CS in the future, addressing the increasing rate and its negative impacts.
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